Antibacterial Potential of Aloe vera against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from Mastitic Milk
Antibacterial Potential of Aloe vera
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53560/PPASB(59-2)686Keywords:
Aloe vera, Amoxicillin, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiaeAbstract
The extensive use of antibiotics has developed antibacterial resistance and also may cause toxic effects (hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity) on vital organs. To overcome this problem, Scientists gain attention towards medicinal plants. Pure Aloe vera (AV) is a common alternative antimicrobial medicine, hence, the current study was conducted to explore its antibacterial potential and compared it with a commonly used antibiotic amoxicillin. During this study, clinically positive mastitis milk samples (n=50) were collected from buffaloes, after microbial culture analysis. Various concentrations (C1=40, C2=20, C3=10, C4=5, C5=2.5, C6=1.25, C7= 0.62, C8=0.31, C9=0.15, C10=0.07
and C11=0.03µl) of pure AV and amoxicillin (μg/μl) were used to evaluate antibacterial activity through minimum
inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Gram-positive organisms including Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus
agalactiae. The MIC was evaluated based on turbidity and transparency of the medium. Prevalence of S. aureus
was recorded at 25 (50 %) whereas, 15 (30 %) positive samples for S. agalactiae and 10 (20 %) positive samples
were found in mixed bacterial colonies from milk samples. The mean values of MIC at 10 μl of pure AV showed
50% sensitivity against S. aureus whereas, at 5 μl of pure AV showed 52.5 % sensitivity against S. agalactiae. While
amoxicillin inhibited the growth of S. aureus and S. agalactiae at 2.5 μg/μl and 1.25 μg/μl concentrations showed
52.5 %, and 55 % sensitivity respectively. A significant (P ˂ 0.05) difference was noticed between both tested groups.
It has been concluded that pure AV possessed antibacterial potential and can be used as a safe and economic alternative against infections caused by S. aureus and S. agalactiae.
References
P. Agrawal, D. Kotagiri, and V.C, Kolluru. Comparative analysis of antimicrobial activity of herbal extracts against pathogenic microbes. Advance Biochemistry & Biotechnology 10: 2574-7258 (2018)
T.R. Ambili, M. Saravanan, M. Ramesh, D.B. Abhijith, and P.K Poopal, Toxicological effects of the antibiotic oxytetracycline to an Indian major carp Labeo rohita. Archive Environmental contamination and toxicology 64-3, 494-503 (2013)
A. Burmanczuk, Z. Rolinski, K. Owalski, Pharmacokinetic pharmacodynamics model and ampicillin residue depletion after intra mammary administration in cows. Journal of Veterinary Research 60: 169–176 (2016)
S. Cengiz, G. Dinc, and M. Cengiz, Evaluation of antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus spp. isolated from subclinical mastitis in cows. Pakistan Veterinary Journal 35: 334-338 (2015)
N.P. Chalasani, P.H. Hayashi, and H.L. Bonkovsky, Practice parameters committee of the American college of gastroenterology. ACG Clinical Guideline: the diagnosis and management of idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury. American Journal of Gastroenterology 109: 950-66 (2014)
D. Dillon, An evaluation of traditional, novel and prospective cow-side tests in an approach to mastitits diagnosis. Doctoral dissertation (2012)
D. Gharibi, M. Khosravi, and Z. Hosseini, Antibacterial Effects of Aloe vera extracts on some human and animal bacterial pathogens. Journal of Medicine Microbiology and Infectious Diseases 3: 6-10 (2015)
Y. Hakim, D. Hamza, and A.K. Khalil, Alcoholic extract of Aloe vera as antibacterial agent against the gram-positive bacteria S. ureus in Medani City-Gezira State–Sudan. World Journal Pharmaceutical Research 7: 18-34 (2018)
S. Ikiz, B. Başaran, and E.B. Bingol, Presence and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of contagious mastitis agents (S. aureus and S. agalactiae) isolated from milks of dairy cows with subclinical mastitis. Turkish Journal Veterinary and Animal Science 37: 569-74 (2013)
A. Khan, M.H. Mushtaq, and D. Ahmad, Prevalence of clinical mastitis in bovines in different climatic conditions in KPK, (Pakistan). Science international journal 27: 1013-16 (2015)
V. Lakshminarayana, V and G.M Rao, Ethno veterinary practices in Northcoastal Districts of Andhra Pradesh, Indian Journal of Natural Remedy 13: 109-117 (2013)
A.D. Lopez, O. Tangil,V. Orellana, A.S. Ramírez and M. Rico, Phenolic constituents, antioxidant and preliminary antimycoplasmic activities of leaf skin and flowers of Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. (syn. A. barbadensis Mill.) from the Canary Islands (Spain). Molecules 8: 4942-4954 (2013)
A.M. Londhe, A.S. Kulkarni, and R.V. Lawand, In-Vitro Comparative study of antibacterial and antifungal activities: A case study of Ocimum kilimandscharicum, Ocimum tenuiflorum and Ocimum gratissimum. International Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical Research 7: 104-110 (2013)
V.S. Machado, and R.C. Bicalho, Prepartum application of internal teat sealant or intramammary amoxicillin on dairy heifers: Effect on udder health, survival and performance. Journal of Dairy Sciences 101:1388-402 (2018)
N.L. Maia, M. Barros, and L.L Oliveira, Synergism of plant compound with traditional antimicrobials against Streptococcus spp. isolated from bovine mastitis. Frontiers in Microbiology 9: 1203 (2018)
J. Memon, K. Jam, and M. Yaqoob, Molecular characterization and antimicrobial sensitivity of pathogens from sub-clinical and clinical mastitis in Eastern China. Pakistan Veterinary Journal 33: 170-74 (2013)
Y. Ni, D. Turner, and K.M Yates, Isolation and characterization of structural components of Aloe vera L. leaf pulp. International journal of Immunology Pharmacology 4: 1745-55 (2004)
R. Pandey, A. Mishra, Antibacterial activities of crude extract of Aloe barbadensis to clinically isolated bacterial pathogens. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology 160: 1356-1361 (2010)
G.L. Paniagua, E. Monroy, and O. Garcia, Effect of beta-lactamase inhibitors on minimum inhibitory concentration of ampicillin and amoxicillin for Staphylococcus aureus strains. Latin American Journal of Microbiology. 40: 128-134 (1998)
S.U. Paul, S.O. Dutta, and T.K. Chaudhuri, Anti-inflammatory and protective properties of Aloe vera leaf crude gel in carrageen an induced acute inflammatory rat model. International Journal of Pharmacology Sciences 6: 368-71 (2014)
P.J. Quinn, M.E. Carter, and B. Markey, Clinical Veterinary Microbiology, Wildlife Publishing, London pp. 95-101 (1994)
Y.T Redda, E. Kebede, and G.G. Cruz, Potential Antibacterial Activity of Crude Extracts from Aloe vera, Zingiber officinale and Vinca major Medicinal Plants. International Journal of Microbiology Research 5:202-207 (2014)
P.L Ruegg, The application of evidence based veterinary medicine to mastitis therapy. InProc. Updates on Ruminant Production and Medicine XXVI World Buiatrics Congress, Santiago, Chile. Chilean Buiatric Society 14-18 Nov, 2010, pp: 78-93 (2010)
L. Shahhet, D. Alraghban, and D. Chehna, Improvement of the physicochemical properties of amoxicillin trihydrate powder by recrystallization at different pH values. International Journal of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Sciences 3: 92-100 (2001)
R. Srihari, A.R. Surendranath, and N. Kasturacharya, Evaluating the cytotoxic potential of methonolic leaf extract of Aloe vera on MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. International Journal of Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Sciences 7: 81-83 (2015)
U. Jokhio, R.S Buriro, S. Bughio, S.A. Soomro, M.B. Arain, A.R. Soomro, and F. Khan, An in-vitro antibacterial activity of Aloe vera and gentamicin against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from mastitis milk samples, from Tandojam, Sindh Pakistan. Pure and Applied Biology. Vol. 11, Issue 2, pp408-417 (2021)
J. Vakkamaki, S. Taponen, and A.M. Heikkila, Bacteriological etiology and treatment of mastitis in Finnish dairy herds. Acta Veterinary Sciences 59: 33 (2017)
S. Virani, S. Bhatt, M. Saini, and K. Saxena, Aloe vera attenuates gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity in wistar albino rats: histopathological and biochemical changes. Asian Journal Pharmacy Clinical Research 9: 113-117 (2016)
P.A. Wayne, Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute: Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing: 20th informational supplement. CLSI document M100-S20 (2010)
M.A. Wikler, Methods for dilution antimicrobial susceptibility tests for bacteria that grow aerobically: approved standard. CLSI (NCCLS), 26, M7-A7 (2006)
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY). Allows users to: copy the article and distribute; abstracts, create extracts, and other revised versions, adaptations or derivative works of or from an article (such as a translation); include in a collective work (such as an anthology); and text or data mine the article. These uses are permitted even for commercial purposes, provided the user: includes a link to the license; indicates if changes were made; gives appropriate credit to the author(s) (with a link to the formal publication through the relevant DOI); and does not represent the author(s) as endorsing the adaptation of the article or modify the article in such a way as to damage the authors' honor or reputation.
